THE RECORD
What changed
After wind-tunnel tests and gliders, the Wright brothers flew a powered aircraft at Kitty Hawk in 1903.
EVIDENCE
What remains
The Flyer, photographs, diaries, letters and wind-tunnel data preserve development.
WHY IT MATTERS
Why it matters
It transformed distance and warfare and began a global aviation system.
OPEN QUESTION
Where interpretation begins
First-flight claims depend on power, duration and control; other pioneers were essential.