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ERA 06 · MACHINES, ELECTRICITY & OIL

16 / 20 · 1914–1918

The First World War — industry becomes total war

Imperial rivalry and alliance crisis erupted into war mobilizing industry, armies and civilians.
First World Wartotal warempire

THE RECORD

What changed

After Sarajevo, mobilization, trenches, blockade and colonial troops globalized the conflict.

EVIDENCE

What remains

Military files, letters, photographs, battlefields and demographic data record combat and civilian loss.

WHY IT MATTERS

Why it matters

It collapsed empires and set conditions for revolutions, borders, nationalism and later war.

OPEN QUESTION

Where interpretation begins

No one assassination or state explains it; Eurocentric accounts often omit colonial participation and suffering.

SOURCE REGISTER

Read from the evidence

Imperial War Museums · First World War ↗